Pathophysiology (6th Edition)

Name: Pathophysiology

Edition: 6th

Author: JACQUELYN L. BANASIK; LEE-ELLEN C. COPSTEAD

Subject: Pathophysiology

Language: English

Publisher: Elsevier

Brief Introduction

The pace of scientific discovery in health and medicine continues to transform our understanding of physiology and disease. To be clinically relevant and useful to health care students and professionals, a text must synthesize a vast amount of detailed knowledge into overarching concepts that can be applied broadly. As in previous editions, the goal of the sixth edition of Pathophysiology is to include recent and relevant information on anatomy, biochemistry, cell physiology, genomics, and pathophysiology while not overwhelming the reader. Attention is given to major concepts relevant to clinical practice while still providing enough detail for deep understanding.

Pathophysiology can be a daunting subject for students because of the large volume of factual material to be learned. The student Study Guide is designed to help students focus on important pathophysiologic concepts. Questions to check recall of normal anatomy and physiology are included for each chapter. A number of activities that help the student focus on similarities and differences between often-confused pathologic processes are included. More than 1500 self-assessment test questions with answers are included to help students check their understanding and build confidence for examinations. Case studies, with more than 250 questions including rationales for correct and incorrect answers, are used to help students begin to apply pathophysiologic concepts to clinical situations.

UNIT I Pathophysiologic Processes
1 Introduction to Pathophysiology
2 Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

UNIT II Cellular Function
3 Cell Structure and Function
4 Cell Injury, Aging, and Death
5 Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation
6 Genetic and Developmental Disorders
7 Neoplasia

UNIT III Defense
8 Infectious Processes
9 Inflammation and Immunity
10 Alterations in Immune Function
11 Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells
12 HIV Disease and AIDS

UNIT IV Oxygen Transport, Blood Coagulation, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure
13 Alterations in Oxygen Transport
14 Alterations in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation
15 Alterations in Blood Flow
16 Alterations in Blood Pressure

UNIT V Cardiac Function
17 Cardiac Function
18 Alterations in Cardiac Function
19 Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases
20 Shock

UNIT VI Respiratory Function
21 Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange
22 Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders
23 Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

UNIT VII Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis
24 Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances
25 Acid–Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

UNIT VIII Renal and Bladder Function
26 Renal Function
27 Intrarenal Disorders
28 Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
29 Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract

UNIT IX Genital and Reproductive Function
30 Male Genital and Reproductive Function
31 Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function
32 Female Genital and Reproductive Function
33 Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function
34 Sexually Transmitted Infections

UNIT X Gastrointestinal Function
35 Gastrointestinal Function
36 Gastrointestinal Disorders
37 Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas
38 Liver Diseases

UNIT XI Endocrine Function, Metabolism, and Nutrition
39 Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation
40 Disorders of Endocrine Function
41 Diabetes Mellitus
42 Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders

UNIT XII Neural Function
43 Structure and Function of the Nervous System
44 Acute Disorders of Brain Function
45 Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function
46 Alterations in Special Sensory Function
47 Pain

UNIT XIII Neuropsychological Function
48 Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses
49 Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

UNIT XIV Musculoskeletal Support and Movement
50 Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
51 Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease
52 Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

UNIT XV Integumentary System
53 Alterations in the Integumentary System
54 Burn Injuries

Excerpts

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Manifestations of disease that are observed are termed signs of disease. Such objective data may be gathered by clinical examination or by biochemical analysis, diagnostic imaging, and other laboratory tests. The subjective feelings of an abnormality in the body are termed symptoms. By definition, symptoms are subjective and can only be reported by the affected individual to an observer. For example, the feeling of nausea is a symptom, whereas vomiting is objectively observed and is a sign. Some signs and symptoms, such as fever and headache, are nonspecific and, although they designate that something is amiss, they do not indicate a specific cause. In this case further examination and, often, laboratory tests are needed to focus on the possible causes of the signs and symptoms. Many diseases and disorders are characterized by a particular constellation of signs and symptoms, the knowledge of which is essential for accurate detection and diagnosis. When the etiology of a particular set of signs and symptoms has not yet been determined, the disorder may be termed a syndrome. For example, AIDS was originally detected as a set of signs and symptoms related to a deficiency of helper T cells of unknown cause, now known to be a late stage of HIV infection.
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