Fundamentals Of Microbiology (12th Edition)

Name: Fundamentals of Microbiology
Edition: 12th
Author: Jeffrey C. Pommerville
Subject: Microbiology
Language: English
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Brief Introduction

Fundamentals of Microbiology, Twelfth Edition provides that essential role and need. Besides the fundamental microbiological and disease aspects of COVID-19, which are discussed throughout the pages of this current edition, the textbook is an important tool for student learning in microbiology. It consolidates the important concepts and ideas necessary for mastery by students entering the health care field as a nurse or other allied health professional. Over many editions of Fundamentals of Microbiology, the textbook has reflected flexibility by evolving in response to the rapidly changing field of microbiology and the changing learning needs of students. I hope that you will find Fundamentals of Microbiology, Twelfth Edition welcoming and informative as you explore the amazing world of microbiology.

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Microbiology: Then and Now

Microbial Communities Support and Affect All Life on Earth
The Human Body Has Its Own Microbiome
Microbiology Then: The Pioneers
The Microbial World Is Cataloged into Unique Groups
Microbiology Now: Challenges Remain

PART 1 Microbial Cell Biology
CHAPTER 2 The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Organisms Are Composed of Atoms
Chemical Bonds Form Between Reactive Atoms
All Living Organisms Depend on Water
Living Organisms Are Composed of Four Types of Large Organic Molecules

CHAPTER 3 Naming, Observing, and Cataloging the Microbial World

Nomenclature Assigns a Scientific Name to Organisms
Microscopy Is Used to Visualize the Structure of Cells and Viruses
Staining and Other Light Microscopy Techniques Provide Contrast
Classifying Microorganisms Reveals Relationships Between Organisms

CHAPTER 4 Structure and Organization of Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotes Can Be Distinguished by Their Cell Shape and Arrangements
Bacterial and Archaeal Cells Have an Organized Structure
Cell-Surface Structures Interact with the Environment
Most Prokaryotic Cells Have a Cell Envelope
The Cell Cytoplasm Is Packed with Internal Structures
There Is Tremendous Diversity Among the Domains Bacteria and Archaea

CHAPTER 5 Eukaryotic Microbial Cells and Parasites

Eukaryotic Cells Contain a Variety of Organelles
The Eukaryotic Cell Arose from Prokaryotic Ancestors
The Fungi Include the Molds and Yeasts
The Protists Exhibit Great Structural and Functional Diversity
Parasitic Helminths Cause Substantial Morbidity Worldwide

CHAPTER 6 The Viruses and Other Infectious Agents

Filterable Infectious Agents Cause Disease
Viruses Have a Simple Structural Organization
Viruses Can Be Classified by Their Genome
Virus Replication Follows a Set of Common Steps
Viruses and Their Infections Can Be Detected in Various Ways

Some Viruses Are Associated with Human Tumors and Cancers
Emerging Viruses Arise from Genetic Recombination and Mutation
Prions Are Noncellular Infectious Agents

PART 2 Microbial Growth, Metabolism, and Genetics
CHAPTER 7 Microbial Growth and Nutrition

Microbial Growth and Reproduction Comprise the Cell Cycle
Optimal Growth Is Dependent on Several Physical and Chemical Factors
Culture Media Can Be Used to Grow Many Microbes
Population Measurements Are Made Using Pure Cultures

CHAPTER 8 Microbial Metabolism

Enzymes and Energy Drive Cellular Metabolism
Aerobic Respiration Is a Pathway to ATP Production
Anaerobic Metabolism Involves Other Pathways to ATP Production
Photosynthesis Converts Light Energy to Chemical Energy
Microbes Exhibit Metabolic Diversity

CHAPTER 9 Microbial Genetics

The Hereditary Molecule in All Organisms Is DNA
DNA Replication Is Part of the Cell Cycle
Gene Expression Produces RNA and Protein for Cell Function
Mutations Are Heritable Changes in a Cell’s DNA
Techniques Exist for Identifying Mutants

CHAPTER 10 Gene Transfer, Genetic Engineering, and Genomics

Bacterial Cells Can Recombine Genes in Several Ways
Genetic Engineering Involves the Deliberate Transfer of Genes Between Organisms
Microbial Genomics Studies Genes and Genomes at the Single-Cell to Community Levels

PART 3 The Control of Microorganisms

CHAPTER 11 Control of Microorganisms: Physical Methods and Chemical Agents

Microbial Growth Can Be Controlled in Several Ways
A Variety of Physical Methods Can Control Microbial Growth
Chemical Control Usually Involves Disinfection
A Variety of Chemical Agents Can Limit Microbial Growth

CHAPTER 12 Control of Microorganisms: Antimicrobial Drugs and Superbugs

Antimicrobial Agents Are Chemical Substances Used to Treat Infectious Disease
Synthetic Antibacterial Agents Primarily Inhibit DNA Synthesis and Cell Wall Formation
Beta-Lactam Antibiotics Target Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
Other Antibiotics Target Some Aspect of Metabolism
Several Tests Evaluate Microbial Susceptibility to Antimicrobials
Other Antimicrobial Drugs Target Viruses, Fungi, and Parasites
Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Is a Growing Challenge

PART 4 Microbial and Viral Diseases of Humans

CHAPTER 13 Diagnosing Infections

Several Methods Are Available to Identify and Diagnose an Infection
Clinical Specimens for Testing Must Be of High Quality
Phenotypic Methods Include Microscopy, Staining, and Biochemical Testing
Molecular Tests Make Use of Nucleic Acid Sequencing and Protein Detection
Serological Tests Involve Immunological Reactions

CHAPTER 14 Infectious Diseases of the Respiratory System

The Respiratory System and a Resident Microbiome Normally Hinder Bacterial Colonization
Several Microbial Infections Affect the URT
Some Pathogens Can Spread from the URT to the LRT
Several Other Prokaryotic, Viral, and Eukaryotic Pathogens Target the LRT

CHAPTER 15 Infectious Diseases of the Digestive System

The Digestive System Has a Diverse Resident Microbiome
Bacterial Diseases of the Oral Cavity Can Affect One’s Overall Health
GI Tract Pathogens Usually Are Spread Through Food and Water
Some Bacterial Diseases Are the Result of Foodborne Intoxications
GI Infections Can Be Caused by Several Bacterial Pathogens
Digestive System Illnesses Also Can Be Caused by Viruses and Eukaryotic Microbes

CHAPTER 16 Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin, Soft Tissues, and Eyes

The Skin Contains a Resident Microbiome
A Variety of Skin Diseases Are the Result of Bacterial Pathogens
Several Viruses Are Associated with Human Skin Infections
Some Fungi and Parasites Can Invade the Skin
Several Infectious Diseases Affect the Eye

CHAPTER 17 Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System

The Nervous System Defenses Are Primarily Structural
Bacterial Diseases of the Central Nervous System Can Be Life-Threatening Emergencies
Some Viral Pathogens Target the Central Nervous System
Diseases of the Nervous System Can Be Caused by Eukaryotic Microorganisms

CHAPTER 18 Systemic Infectious Diseases

The Human Body Has Two Systems for Transporting Fluids
Several Circulatory System Diseases Are Caused by Bacteria and Helminthic Parasites
Systemic Bacterial Diseases Can be Spread by Arthropods
Viruses Can Cause Human Systemic Diseases
Malaria and Sleeping Sickness Are Two Prominent Systemic Protistan Diseases

CHAPTER 19 Infectious Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Urinary Tract Infections Are the Second Most Common Body Infection
Several Bacterial Species Are Associated with Urinary Tract Infections
Portions of the Female and Male Reproductive Systems Contain a Resident Microbiome
Several Prominent STIs Are Caused by Bacteria and Protists
Several STIs Are Caused by Viruses
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Is Responsible for HIV Infection and AIDS

PART 5 Interactions and Impact of Microorganisms with Humans

CHAPTER 20 The Host–Microbe Relationship and Infectious Disease Epidemiology

The Host and Microbe Have an Intimate Relationship in Health and Disease
Pathogens Differ in Their Ability to Cause Infectious Disease
Pathogens Are Transmitted from a Reservoir
Establishment of Infection Can Lead to Disease
Epidemiology Is Key to Fighting Infectious Diseases

CHAPTER 21 The Immune Response to Infection: Innate Immunity

The Immune System Is a Network of Cells and Molecules to Defend Against Foreign Substances
Surface Barriers Are the First Line of Defense
Innate Immunity Is a Cellular Response to Pathogen Invasion
Innate Immunity Also Produces Molecules That Affect or Damage Pathogens

CHAPTER 22 The Immune Response to Infection: Adaptive Immunity and Vaccination

The Adaptive Immune Response Targets a Specific Invading Pathogen
Humoral Immunity Is an Antibody-Mediated Immune Response to Infection
Cell-Mediated Immunity Is a T-Lymphocyte Response to Infection
Vaccines Can Build Adaptive Immunity to Some Infectious Diseases

CHAPTER 23 Infectious Disease and Immune Disorders

Type I Hypersensitivity Represents a Familiar Allergic Response
Other Types of Hypersensitivities Represent Immediate or Delayed Reactions
Autoimmune Disorders and Transplantation Are Immune Responses to “Self”
Immunodeficiency Disorders Can Be Inherited or Acquired

APPENDIX A Pronunciation Guide to Microorganisms
APPENDIX B Metric Measurement and Temperature Conversion Chart
APPENDIX C CDC Summary of Notifiable Diseases in the United States 2018

Glossary
Index

Excerpts

…
The Connecticut Department of Public Health (CDPH) has been notified of a cluster of possible foodborne illnesses, suggesting that there has been a foodborne outbreak. The public health officials quickly learn that the affected individuals all attended a catered lunch. Information about symptoms and foods eaten is gathered by interviewing attendees of the luncheon. Of the approximately 50 attendees, 30 (60%) are interviewed, and 19 (63%) interviewees reported symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and headache. The median interval from lunch to illness onset is 5.3 hours (range = 0.4–15.5 hours).
…