Overview
Chinese Name: 基诺族
English Name: The Jino people
Languages:Jino language 基诺语, Chinese 汉语
Total population: 2.3*104 (China mainland 2022)
Distribution: Yunnan
Brief introduction
The Jino people 基诺族 are one of the seven unique ethnic groups with a small population in Yunnan Province, and the national language is Jino. In 1979, it was officially determined by the state as a single ethnic group that is a member of the big family of the motherland.
Jinuo people mainly live in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture 西双版纳傣族自治州, Yunnan Province. Jino can be interpreted as “uncle’s descendants” or “respect for uncle’s nation”. Jinuo Ethnic Township in the northeast of Jinghong City is the only Jino ethnic township in the country. The township has beautiful scenery, commonly known as Jinuo Mountain.
The Jinuo people have no written language and used to carve wood and bamboo for counting and memorizing. Nowadays, Chinese is mostly used in political life, and the Chinese language is taught in schools, supplemented by Jino.
The history of the Jino people
According to the available information, the earliest affiliation of the Jino people can be traced back to 1160. After the Yuan Dynasty 元朝 set up a province in Yunnan, Xishuangbanna 西双版纳 was brought under the rule of the Yuan Dynasty. Since then, the rule over the area has continued to this day. In 1979, the Jino people were officially recognized as a single ethnic group.
The religion of the Jino people
In addition to having certain ancestor worship and respect for Zhuge Liang 诸葛亮, the most distinctive and dominant religious view of the Jinuo people is the idea of animism. The Jinuo people believe that mountains have mountain gods, earth has earth gods, villages have village gods, and valleys have grain gods.
The wizards of the Jino tribe have a unique set of divination techniques, in parallel with the witch doctor, who can cure diseases with herbs. Wizards are not only people who are familiar with customary law and historical anecdotes but also famous singers. At the same time, they are the oral successors of long epics, and they are actually the inheritors of national culture.
The Cultures of the Jino people
Architectural features of the Jino people 基诺族的建筑特点
Jinuo Village is built on a gentle sunny hillside. The house is a bamboo building built with bamboo wood and thatch. The bamboo building is supported by a wooden frame, and the beams are made of rough wood without metal connections.
The two ends of the ridge of the bamboo building are decorated with thatched earrings. A total of 6 bamboo buildings are decorated with ordinary people, and 10 are decorated in the homes of “elders” in the villages. The bamboo building decorated with earring flowers makes one instantly recognize the social status and identity of its owner.
The eating habits of the Jino people 基诺族的饮食习惯
The Jino people are accustomed to eating three meals a day, with rice as their daily staple, mixed with corn, melon beans and so on. For breakfast, glutinous rice is usually eaten by kneading it into a ball. For lunch, the rice is usually wrapped in plantain leaves and brought to the ground with salt and pepper to eat at any time. In addition to the main meal of rice for dinner, there are also some dishes, including melons, beans and mountain vegetables and games that are collected and hunted at any time.
The Jino people like sour, spicy and salty tastes, especially sour. Sour bamboo shoots are the main home-cooked dishes, and salt is an essential seasoning for every meal. The Jino people generally like to drink alcohol, and there is a folk saying that it is impossible to go without alcohol for a day.
Jino nationality clothing 壮族民族服装
Jino men usually wear black and white checked linen and cloth jackets without collars and buttons, with a square red cloth sewn in the middle of the back of the jacket and embroidered with a beautiful sunflower. Underwear is white or blue wide trousers or shorts with a wide cloth belt. Before the founding of New China, most men had three tufts of hair on their heads.
The woman wears a collarless and embroidered variegated jacket on the top, and a short black skirt with a red edge and a front opening on the bottom. Jino women are accustomed to wrapping leggings and pulling their hair in a high bun. They also wear white thick linen on their heads, and they wear capes and pointed caps with wings that reach their shoulders. They look solemn and lively and pretty.
Jino nationality (基诺族)
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